WEIGHTING FUNCTION IN NONLOCAL STRAIN SOFTENING DAMAGE MODEL

In the paper,the weighting function is investigated which plays an importantpart in nonlocal strain softening damage model.Its expression is derived and behaviours including therelationship between the weighting function and the characteristic length of heterogeneous materialsare analyzed.The method for calculating monlocal quantities is also presented.Selecting of theweighting function has important significance for more objectively establishing nonlocal damagemodel and analysis of damage of heterogeneous materials by numerical methods.     

柑橘裂皮类病毒广东分离物YC全长cDNA序列克隆及分析

柑橘裂皮类病毒(Citrus exocortis viroid, CEVd)是危害柑橘的重要病原之一,认清该类病毒的分子特性是进一步研究其致病机制的前提.本文利用RT-PCR技术对广东分离物YC的全长cDNA序列进行了扩增、克隆,获得了全长372bp的片段,对该片段进行测序及分析显示:CEVd广东分离物YC的分子结构域包括5个功能区即左手末端区(TL)、致病区(P)、中央保守区(C)、可变区(V)和右手末端区(TR).通过与GenBank已登陆序列的比对分析发现:与来自西班牙的分离物CEVd-f-1(登陆号:EF494677.1)的同源性高达98%;与湖北分离物CEVd-HB(登陆号:AY456136)的同源性仅为92.7%;与强度株系CEVd-A(登陆号:M30868)的同源性为96.8%,与弱毒株系CEVd-de26(登陆号:K00965)的92.4%.说明该广东分离物YC分子特性更接近强毒株系.这是国内首次对柑橘裂皮类病毒cDNA的分子特性进行报道.     

Seedling emergence,coleoptile length,and plant height relationships in crosses of dwarf and standard-height wheats

Summary Seedling emergence was closely correlated with coleoptile length and plant height among parents, F₂ and F₃, populations of crosses involving dwarf wheats Olesen Dwarf (CI 14497), Norin 10 derivative D6301, Tom Thumb derivative D6899, and the standard-height varieties Ramona 50 and Nainari 60. Genetic mechanisms that governed plant height also influenced coleoptile length, but the relative effects of genes showing dominant or epistatic effects appeared to be different. With respect to the two parents involved in each of 15 crosses, mean F₂ coleoptile lengths were consistently closer to the low parent value than were corresponding mean F₂ plant heights. A slight curvilinear relationship was also found between coleoptile length and plant height of F₃ lines. The results suggest that selection of semidwarf wheats with long coleoptiles and improved emergence properties from crosses involving the dwarf wheats of this study would be unlikely.     

Molecular marker analysis of genetic variation characterizing a grasspea (Lathyrus sativus) collection from central Italy

Levels of genetic similarity characterizing 20 grasspea (Lathyrus sativus L.) populations collected in central Italy (17 populations in the Marche region and three populations in the Abruzzo region) were analysed with amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) molecular markers. Two main clusters were found: one included large‐seeded populations from farms that were not market‐oriented (named Household populations) and the second, small‐seeded populations, cultivated in market‐oriented farms (named Commercial populations). Relationships among populations collected in different regions were found, although one population of the Abruzzo region was placed between the two main clusters, suggesting a possible further genetic differentiation within this grasspea germplasm collection. Principal component analysis based on AFLP marker frequency was effective in identifying polymorphic markers showing high discriminating ability between clusters H and C. In particular, seven markers showing high positive and three markers with low negative PC1 scores showed an almost cluster‐specific distribution. These results will be useful for enhancing Italian grasspea germplasm use in plant‐breeding programmes and for extending grasspea cultivation within the sustainable agricultural systems of central Italy.     

乙烯受体ETR1基因同源性分析及乙烯敏感性与植物采后寿命的关系

将37种不同科属植物及5个不同月季品种的ETR1核苷酸、氨基酸序列进行同源性分析并构建了分子系统发生树,并对植物的呼吸跃变类型、乙烯敏感性及采后寿命的关系进行了归纳和分析.结果表明,在核苷酸水平上,分子性状的同源性与形态性状同源性具有一致性,但月季不同品种种间差异大于异源植物的属间差异.氨基酸序列的同源性分析结果与核苷酸相似,但仍存在差异,可能由于氨基酸密码子简并性、翻译起始位置的不同、ETR1片段大小的差异所造成.在蛋白质水平上,所分析的ETR1片段均具有高度保守结构域.植物的呼吸跃变类型虽与内源乙烯的生成有密切的关系,但与外源乙烯的敏感性无直接关系;植物对外源乙烯的敏感性与植物采后寿命的关系更为密切.     

建立坡面植被恢复群落质量评价体系的探讨

利用构建AHP评判矩阵计算各评价指标的权重,根据对专家建议值的统计,确定4个分时期对整个坡面植被恢复群落质量的影响权重,并计算出坡面植被质量的最终值,然后根据给出的值域进行植被恢复群落质量等级划分。     

集水措施下油松植树带微域环境的水量平衡分析

为解决因干旱少水导致黄土高原树木生长不良的问题,利用径流林业的理论,对不同集水面积和集水措施对油松生长环境的水量平衡做了研究。结果表明,不同的集水面积和坡面处理措施对植树带的来水量、耗水量和水量平衡都产生较大影响。其中集水面积5m2的水分盈余比集水面积3m2的要多,采取压实拍光措施(PG)的水分盈余比未采取措施(CK)的要多。